Financial institutions hold the richest customer datasets in any industry. The question is whether they can activate what they already own.
Every few years, a new entrant arrives with a clean tech stack, a frictionless app, and a narrative about disrupting financial services. Stablecoin and tokenized deposits. Robo-advisors. Neobanks. Buy Now, Pay Later platforms. The playbook rarely changes; strip out friction, undercut price, win on experience.

